The impact of dehydration on athletes' performance: deep links to macro and micronutrient deficiencies a literature review

Abstract

This literature article aims to summarize important findings from related research and explore the in-depth connection between dehydration and nutritional aspects in improving athlete performance. In order to understand the impact of dehydration on athlete performance, previous studies have revealed that dehydration can affect the body's ability to regulate temperature, maintain electrolyte balance, and optimize carbohydrate and protein metabolism. In the context of macronutrients, carbohydrates serve as the main energy source in sports activities, and dehydration can disrupt carbohydrate metabolism, which in turn affects an athlete's endurance. In addition, protein, also as a macronutrient, has an important role in muscle maintenance and recovery; Prolonged dehydration can disrupt protein breakdown in the body, which affects the muscle recovery process. Meanwhile, the role of micronutrients, such as vitamins and minerals, in dealing with dehydration also emerged as an important factor. Micronutrients, such as magnesium and vitamin B complex, contribute to muscle contraction and body temperature regulation, so micronutrient deficiencies may affect an athlete's ability to adapt to temperature changes and maintain consistent performance during intense physical activity. This literature article concludes that a deeper understanding of the relationship between dehydration and macro and micro nutrients is an important element in developing more effective nutritional strategies to improve athlete performance. Further research is needed to further detail the mechanisms of interaction between dehydration, macronutrients and micronutrients, so as to provide a stronger basis for the development of nutritional guidelines tailored to the individual needs of athletes in various sports. With deeper understanding, athletes can maximize their potential and reduce the risk of potentially detrimental dehydration on their journey to optimal performance